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	<title>RAEducation &#187; Pathophysiology</title>
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	<link>http://www.raeducation.com</link>
	<description>Regional Anesthesia Education...and Discussion</description>
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		<title>What do you do when your block appears permanent?</title>
		<link>http://www.raeducation.com/2010/03/what-do-you-do-when-your-block-appears-permanent/</link>
		<comments>http://www.raeducation.com/2010/03/what-do-you-do-when-your-block-appears-permanent/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Mar 2010 18:00:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BlueNeedle</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Journal Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pathophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anesthesiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Borgeat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[complication]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[interscalene]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.raeducation.com/?p=1200</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Alain Borgeat presents a fantastic case discussion reviewing the management of a continuous interscalene block which appears to last a bit longer than usual. Dr. Borgeat deserves notable credit for also reviewing the psychosocial effects resulting from such situations. This should be required reading for all trainees before they are allowed to pick up a [...]


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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Alain Borgeat presents a fantastic case discussion reviewing the management of a continuous interscalene block which appears to last a bit longer than usual. Dr. Borgeat deserves notable credit for also reviewing the psychosocial effects resulting from such situations. This should be required reading for all trainees before they are allowed to pick up a needle.</p>
<p><a href="http://journals.lww.com/anesthesiology/Citation/2010/03000/Case_Scenario__Neurologic_Complication_after.37.aspx">Case Scenario: Neurologic Complication after Continuous Inte&#8230; : Anesthesiology</a>.</p>


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		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Zofran Can! Well, sorta, when it comes to the Bezold-Jarisch reflex&#8230;</title>
		<link>http://www.raeducation.com/2009/06/zofran-not-just-for-nausea-anymore/</link>
		<comments>http://www.raeducation.com/2009/06/zofran-not-just-for-nausea-anymore/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2009 21:56:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Journal Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pathophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bezold-jarisch reflex]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hypotension]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ondansetron]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spinal]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.anest.ufl.edu/gator-rap/?p=822</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To cap off this week&#8217;s case discussion, we&#8217;d like to return to the last teaser of a question: 
What does ondansetron have to do with hypotension when the Bezold-Jarisch  reflex is involved? 
This article from RA&#038;PMdescribes ondansetron&#8217;s possible role in hypotension, the Bezold-Jarisch reflex, and neuraxial anesthesia. Importantly, this review concerns spinal, and not [...]


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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To cap off <a href="http://www.anest.ufl.edu/gator-rap/2009/06/falling-numbers-case-discussion-for-the-week-of-june-8-2009/">this week&#8217;s case discussion</a>, we&#8217;d like to return to the last teaser of a question: </p>
<p>What does ondansetron have to do with hypotension when the Bezold-Jarisch  reflex is involved? </p>
<p><a href="http://journals.lww.com/rapm/Abstract/2008/07000/Ondansetron_Given_Intravenously_Attenuates.8.aspx">This article from RA&#038;PM</a>describes ondansetron&#8217;s possible role in hypotension, the Bezold-Jarisch reflex, and neuraxial anesthesia. Importantly, this review concerns spinal, and not epidural, anesthesia. However the mechanism described may also function similarly following hypotension and bradycardia seen with epidurals. </p>
<p>More literature can be found <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15010403?ordinalpos=1&#038;itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&#038;linkpos=2&#038;log$=relatedarticles&#038;logdbfrom=pubmed">here</a>. A nice review of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex itself from the BJA in 2001 can be found <a href="http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/86/6/859">here</a>.</p>
<p>For the pharmacologists and structural biologists among us, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-HT3_receptor_antagonist:drug_discovery_and_development">here</a> is a very cool Wikipedia article on the discovery and drug development of seratonin receptor antagonists.</p>
<p>Kudos to Drs. Lucas and Koyyalamundi for picking up on the involvement of seratonin in this reflex through their comments this week.</p>


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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>RAPM: A Case of Liver Trauma With a Blunt Regional Anesthesia Needle While Performing Transversus Abdominis Plane Block</title>
		<link>http://www.raeducation.com/2009/04/rapm-a-case-of-liver-trauma-with-a-blunt-regional-anesthesia-needle-while-performing-transversus-abdominis-plane-block-2/</link>
		<comments>http://www.raeducation.com/2009/04/rapm-a-case-of-liver-trauma-with-a-blunt-regional-anesthesia-needle-while-performing-transversus-abdominis-plane-block-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2009 17:00:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Journal Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pathophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hepatic injury]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mannion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[O'Donnell]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RA&PM]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[TAP]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ultrasound]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.anest.ufl.edu/gator-rap/?p=436</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This letter is in reply to a case described by Farooq et al that we posted yesterday. Worth reading to see how O&#8217;Donnell et al have modified their practice over time to incorporate the use of ultrasound.

A Case of Liver Trauma With a Blunt Regional Anesthesia Needle While Performing Transversus Abdominis Plane Block
O&#8217;Donnell, Brian D. [...]


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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>This letter is in reply to a case described by Farooq et al that we posted yesterday. Worth reading to see how O&#8217;Donnell et al have modified their practice over time to incorporate the use of ultrasound.<br />
</em></p>
<p>A Case of Liver Trauma With a Blunt Regional Anesthesia Needle While Performing Transversus Abdominis Plane Block<br />
O&#8217;Donnell, Brian D. MB FCARCSI, MSc; Mannion, Stephen MB FCARCSI, MRCPI, MD</p>
<p>Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine:<br />
January/February 2009 &#8211; Volume 34 &#8211; Issue 1 &#8211; pp 75-76<br />
doi: 10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181934050<br />
Letters to the Editor</p>
<p><a href='http://journals.lww.com/rapm/Fulltext/2009/01000/A_Case_of_Liver_Trauma_With_a_Blunt_Regional.21.aspx'><br />
	A Case of Liver Trauma With a Blunt Regional Anesthesia Need&#8230; : Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine<br />
</a>.</p>


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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Perineural infusion of local anesthetics.</title>
		<link>http://www.raeducation.com/2008/12/perineural-infusion-of-local-anesthetics/</link>
		<comments>http://www.raeducation.com/2008/12/perineural-infusion-of-local-anesthetics/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Dec 2008 18:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Pathophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Boezaart]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[local anesthetics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[perineural]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">PubMed:16571984</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?an=00000542-200604000-00033"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.lwwonline.com-pt-pt-core-template-journal-lwwgateway-images-pmlogo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&#38;cmd=Display&#38;dopt=PubMed_PubMed&#38;from_uid=16571984">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table>
        <p><b>Perineural infusion of local anesthetics.</b></p>
        <p>Anesthesiology. 2006 Apr;104(4):872-80</p>
        <p>Authors:  Boezaart AP</p>
        <p></p>
        <p>PMID: 16571984 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]</p>


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<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?an=00000542-200604000-00033"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.lwwonline.com-pt-pt-core-template-journal-lwwgateway-images-pmlogo.gif" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&amp;cmd=Display&amp;dopt=PubMed_PubMed&amp;from_uid=16571984">Related Articles</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>Perineural infusion of local anesthetics.</strong></p>
<p>Anesthesiology. 2006 Apr;104(4):872-80</p>
<p>Authors:  Boezaart AP</p>
<p> </p>
<p>PMID: 16571984 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]</p>


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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Thin sharp needles around the dura.</title>
		<link>http://www.raeducation.com/2008/11/thin-sharp-needles-around-the-dura/</link>
		<comments>http://www.raeducation.com/2008/11/thin-sharp-needles-around-the-dura/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 22 Nov 2008 01:17:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Journal Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pathophysiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dura]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">PubMed:16857562</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1098-7339(06)00125-8"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-PubMedLink.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&#38;cmd=Display&#38;dopt=PubMed_PubMed&#38;from_uid=16857562">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table>
        <p><b>Thin sharp needles around the dura.</b></p>
        <p>Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006 Jul-Aug;31(4):388-9</p>
        <p>Authors:  Boezaart AP, Franco CD</p>
        <p></p>
        <p>PMID: 16857562 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]</p>


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<tr>
<td align="left"><a href="http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1098-7339(06)00125-8"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-PubMedLink.gif" border="0" alt="" /></a></td>
<td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&amp;cmd=Display&amp;dopt=PubMed_PubMed&amp;from_uid=16857562">Related Articles</a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><strong>Thin sharp needles around the dura.</strong></p>
<p>Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006 Jul-Aug;31(4):388-9</p>
<p>Authors:  Boezaart AP, Franco CD</p>
<p>PMID: 16857562 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]</p>


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